Nandagopal Netrakanti Vinayak
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Papers from this author
Real-Time Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Facial Action Units
Malaika Vijay, Nandagopal Netrakanti Vinayak, Maanvi Nunna, Subramanyam Natarajan
Auto-TLDR; Real-Time Detection of Driver Drowsiness using Facial Action Units using Extreme Gradient Boosting
Abstract Slides Poster Similar
This paper presents a two-stage, vision-based pipeline for the real-time detection of driver drowsiness using Facial Action Units (FAUs). FAUs capture movements in groups of muscles in the face like widening of the eyes or dropping of the jaw. The first stage of the pipeline employs a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained to detect FAUs. The output of the penultimate layer of this network serves as an image embedding that captures features relevant to FAU detection. These embeddings are then used to predict drowsiness using an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier. A separate XGBoost model is trained for each user of the system so that behavior specific to each user can be modeled into the drowsiness classifier. We show that user-specific classifiers require very little data and low training time to yield high prediction accuracies in real-time.